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Station Characteristics 2008-05-17/249
GAW ID WLG Mt. Waliguan (China)
station status established 1994-09-01 / full operation Global station in WMO RA II - Asia
time zone UTC+8 36.28333°N 100.90000°E (3810 m a.s.l.)
climate zone Dwc (Snow climate with dry winter and cool summer)
other affiliations NOAA-ESRL/CCG, NOAA-ESRL/AERO(WLG)
description The station is situated on the top of Mt. Waligaun, on the Tibetan plateau in Western China. The annual average temperature is -0.9°C. The predominant wind directions are from SW to NW (summer) and from ESE to NE (winter). Yearly average wind speed is 4.6 m/s. Annual precipitation (mostly in summer months) averages 350 mm. Mt. Waligaun is a remote site, located away from major industrial sources. The closest major settlement is Quiapuqia with a population of 30000, located 30 km to the west. The surrounding area is covered with grass (no trees), and the overall region is sparsely covered with vegetation. The building was reconstructed in 1999. Picture of Mt. Waliguan facility

Measurement Program
type parameter method contributor start end details
Aerosol Hemispheric backscattering coefficient Nephelometry, integrating CAMS-IAC 2005-08-20
Light absorption coefficient Filter + light attenuation (aethalometer) CAMS-IAC 1994-07-10
Light absorption coefficient Light absorption photometry CAMS-IAC 2005-08-20
Light scattering coefficient Nephelometry, integrating CAMS-IAC 2005-08-20
Multiwavelength optical depth Pyrheliometer (direct solar, broadband) CAMS-IAC 1994-09-01
Multiwavelength optical depth Sunphotometry/Filter Radiometry CAMS-IAC 2008-04-08
Number concentration Condensation particle counter (CPC) CAMS-IAC 2005-11-01
Greenhouse Gas CH4 ## Flask sampling NOAA-ESRL-GMD 1990-08-05 2008-12-31
CO2 ## Continuous monitoring [general] CAMS-IAC
CO2 ## Flask sampling NOAA-ESRL-GMD 1990-08-01 2008-12-31
CO2 GC-FID CAMS-IAC 1994-07-10
CO2 Non-dispersive IR (NDIR) CAMS-IAC 1994-01-01 2008-12-31
CO2 [C-13] ## Flask sampling NOAA-ESRL-GMD 1990-08-01 2007-12-26
CO2 [O-18] ## Flask sampling NOAA-ESRL-GMD 1990-08-01 2007-12-26
Meteo Humidity CAMS-IAC 1994-07-10
Pressure CAMS-IAC 1994-07-01
Temperature CAMS-IAC 1994-07-10
Trajectories FLEXTRA Empa 2005-01-01
Wind direction CAMS-IAC 1994-07-10
Wind speed CAMS-IAC 1994-07-10
Ozone Surface ozone UV photometry [general] CAMS-IAC 1994-07-10
Total column ozone Brewer CAMS-IAC 1993-09-10 2009-11-29
Precipitation Chem Electric conductivity CAMS-IAC 1994-10-01
Hydrogen ion (H+) or pH CAMS-IAC 1994-10-01
Radiation Diffuse solar radiation Pyranometer (global solar, broadband) CAMS-IAC 1994-09-01
Direct solar radiation Pyrheliometer (direct solar, broadband) CAMS-IAC 1994-09-01
Global solar radiation Pyranometer (global solar, broadband) CAMS-IAC 1994-09-01
Long-wave radiation (direction unspecified) Pyranometer (global solar, broadband) CAMS-IAC 1994-09-01
Reactive Gas CO ## Flask sampling NOAA-ESRL-GMD 1990-08-01 2009-12-30
H2 ## Flask sampling NOAA-ESRL-GMD 1990-08-01 2005-07-01
SO2 ## Filter sampling [general] CAMS-IAC 1997-01-01

Contact Person(s)
name Dr. Xiao-Ye Zhang
address Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS)
46 Zhong-Guan-Cun South Avenue
100081 Beijing
China
2009-02-10/249
phone +86 10 6217 5931
fax +86 10 6840 8943
mailto xiaoye@cams.cma.gov.cn
url www.cams.cma.gov.cn
GAW function GAW Country Contact, SAG member
station function
name Mr. Thomas J. Conway
address NOAA/ESRL/GMD
325 Broadway
Boulder, CO 80305
United States
2009-05-12/1689207423
phone
fax
mailto thomas.j.conway@noaa.gov
url
GAW function
station function Measurement leader [Greenhouse Gas: CO2]
name Dr. Edward J. Dlugokencky
address NOAA-ERSL-GMD
325 Broadway
Boulder, CO 80305
United States
2009-05-12/1689207423
phone +1 303-497-6228
fax +1 303-497-6290
mailto ed.dlugokencky@noaa.gov
url
GAW function
station function Measurement leader [Greenhouse Gas: CH4]
name Dr. Paul C. Novelli
address NOAA-ESRL-GMD
325 Broadway
Boulder, CO 80305
United States
2009-05-12/1689207423
phone +1 303-497-6774
fax +1 303-497-6290
mailto paul.c.novelli@noaa.gov
url
GAW function
station function Measurement leader [Reactive Gas: CO, Reactive Gas: H2]
name Dr. Junying Sun
address Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS)
46 Zhong-Guan-Cun S. Ave.
100081 Beijing
China
2008-11-08/2141913580
phone 86-10-6840 7943
fax 86-10-6217 6414
mailto jysun@cams.cma.gov.cn
url
GAW function
station function Measurement leader [Aerosol: Hemispheric backscattering coefficient, Aerosol: Light absorption coefficient, Aerosol: Light scattering coefficient, Aerosol: Multiwavelength optical depth, Aerosol: Number concentration]
name Mr. Bruce Vaughn
address University of Colorado Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR)
Campus box 450
Boulder, CO 80309-0450
United States
2006-06-12/0
phone +1-303-492-7985
fax +1-303-492-6388
mailto bruce.vaughn@colorado.edu
url
GAW function
station function Measurement leader [Greenhouse Gas: CO2 [C-13], Greenhouse Gas: CO2 [O-18]]
name Professor Lingxi Zhou
address Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences
46 Zhongguancun Nandajie
100081 Beijing
China
2009-03-26/249
phone +86-10-58995279
fax +86-10-62176414
mailto zhoulx@cams.cma.gov.cn
url
GAW function
station function Primary station contact, Measurement leader [Greenhouse Gas: CO2, Greenhouse Gas: CO2, Greenhouse Gas: CO2]

References
Cheng, H., et al. (2007), Organochlorine pesticides, polybrominated biphenyl ethers and lead isotopes during the spring time at the Waliguan Baseline Observatory, northwest China: Implication for long-range atmospheric transport, Atmospheric Environment, 41, 4734--4747
Ding, A. and Wang, T. (2006), Influence of stratosphere-to-troposphere exchange on the seasonal cycle of surface ozone at Mount Waliguan in western China, Geophys. Res. Lett, 33, www.cse.polyu.edu.hk/~cetwang/_Publications/2006_GRL_Ding.pdf
Zellweger, Christoph, et al. (2004), System and Performance Audit of Surface Ozone Carbon Monoxide and Methane at the Global GAW Station Mt. Waliguan, China, October 2004, WCC-Empa Report 04/3, gaw.empa.ch/audits/WLG_2004.pdf
ZHOU, L., et al. (2003), The impact of local winds and long-range transport on the continuous carbon dioxide record at Mount Waliguan, China, Tellus B, 55, 145--158
Zellweger, C., et al. (2000), System and Performance Audit of Surface Ozone and Carbon Monoxide at the China GAW Baseline Observatory Waliguan Mountain (CGAWBO), WCC-Empa Report 00/3, gaw.empa.ch/audits/WLG_2000.pdf
 
 
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Funding provided by MeteoSwiss is greatfully acknowledged. 		http://www.meteoswiss.ch